Ureteral Injury

Question: Treatment for ureteral injury at trauma laparotomy for 1) small segment <2cm, 2) upper injury that will not reach the bladder, 3) lower injury that might reach the bladder
Answer: 1) primary ureteroureterostomy with double-J stent, 2) either tie off both ends and obtain a percutaneous nephrostomy tube postoperatively with interval trans-ureteroureterostomy or immediate trans-ureteroureterostomy, 3) reimplantation of neoureterostomy over double-J stent or tack bladder to psoas (hitch) and reimplantation